Diccionario


Mostrando 54 palabras para el campo semantico: mammal

aaras

I. N

1. animal,mammal horse , [ESP] caballo
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kauling bula uungi, araas aing ngiskat u araas ngiskat siik siilak u anaasarki, ibulakama.
    They scrape the teeth of the horse jaw with a nail to make noise.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Both vowels can be lengthened : 'aaras' or 'araas'.
  • Léxica:
    Indirect borrowing from English (horse) through Miskitu 'aras'.

arangarang

I. N

1. animal,mammal small monkey, squirrel, opossum; maybe sq. monkey
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Arangarang sulkup puksak bii nsula iipsi.
    "The ""scowbidudu"" shows us only two fingers."
    El "scowbidudu" solo nos enseña dos dedos.
  • Arangarang suuli tiiskiba. seem suk isii yaltangi. Kat aap su kuyak kiyaakari.
    The scoobidoodo is a small animal. It looks like a rat. It lives high in the tree.

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    It tells you how many years you have left to live, 1, 2, 3.... with its "fingers." It shows you its paw, so people burn it. It has a pretty face. If you bring it home, it disappears (NR). Another description (Paup) is that it is small, kind of like a squirrel, brown and white, with a short tail.
  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication common in animal names.

auma

I. N

1. animal,mammal jaguar

2. human North American

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Salaik warknsutingi ying auma kulnga u Kolet.
    Together we work with this(North American) lady Colette.

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Very rare to find these days, endangered animal. Many beliefs attached to it, main creature of Rama cosmology.
    Used for "gringos"!
  • Léxica:
    Often substitute Miskitu kruubu when talking about the animal, or even in the Adam stories, but not when talking about the Rama people or Cane Creek (Never Kruubu Rii). Not clear what their categorizations of the big cats are as they seem to cover three color variations of jaguar, plus pumas, plus ocelots, margays, and oncillas with the same terms, especially kruubu.

biip

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal cow , [ESP] Vaca
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Biip kangali arii pluuma.
    The cow milk is white.
    La leche de vaca es blanca.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Most Rama people don't eat much of it and some won't eat it at all. They like cheese, though rarely eat it because it usually has to be bought. They would like to have milk for coffee, but that would have to be bought and transported without spoiling. Some are lactose-intolerant. However, owning cows has been seen for a number of years as a sign of economic success by a growing number. The Kukra River communities and Aguila as of 2008 have quite a few cows, which are also contributing to land erosion due to cutting and burning the jungle bush to make pastures. Some are also turning to pesticides and herbicides because otherwise it is hard to keep the brush low. The increasing number of free-roaming cows also cause problems by eating food items which people have planted near their houses (e.g., young bananas and household herbs), which then causes arguments. Beef, milk, cheese, coajada bring good money, though. Many still do not like to eat beef.
  • Gramatical:
    Loanword from English 'beef' ( through Miskitu?).

biip nkiikna

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal bull , [ESP] Toro
Pictures/Imagenes:

Composicion:

Compounds
Morfemas
biip nkiikna
cow male
Vaca

bleera

I. N

1. animal,mammal spider monkey , [ESP] Mono arana
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Bleera sulkup ikuaakar kauling isii.
    The monkey has fingers like a man.
    El mono tiene dedos como el hombre.
  • Bleera ituk kat aap ki imalki yalkungi.
    The monkey wraps his tail on the tree trunk and hangs down.
    El mono enrolla su cola en el tronco del árbol y se cuelga hacia abajo.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Used as the generic name for 'monkey', and sometimes specifically for the spider monkey.

bleera saala

I. N

1. animal,mammal spider monkey

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Not hunted for food, as it looks like people, though some have tried it. Miskitu eat it. As of 2008 becoming very scarce. Noted in 2009 that up creek there is a small line of trees between a Rama plantation and a Mestizo potrero through which a troop passes, and that they have been observed eating corn, something which they had never previously been seen doing.

buulam

I. N

1. animal,mammal big porpoise
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Buulam tauli taara su bii aakar.
    The big porpoise live only in the ocean.
    el gran marsopa solo vive en el oceano

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Young boys in Cane Creek used to go out in the sea close to shore and strike porpoises with harpoons to sharpen their skills and just for fun.

    En Cane Creek los jóvenes solían ir al mar, cerca de la costa, a arponear delfines para mejorar sus habilidades o simplemente por divertirse.
  • Léxica:
    Borrowed from Miskitu: lam/wlam

    Prestado del Miskitu

kirki

I. N

1. animal,mammal armadillo

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Also called jacket man in Kriol. Its oil (from cooked fat armadillo) is used to treat asthma.

kruubu

I. N

1. animal,mammal jaguar
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kruubu siik tataara kunkunbi kuaakari, yungarngutkama.
    The tiger has four big teeth to bite with.
    El tigre cuatro colmillos (dientes) grandes para morder con ellos.

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Difficult to tell which cat is being referred to at times: jaguar, ocelot, puma, margay, or others. Not known how much they are recognized as different species, how much is due to use of kruubu vs. Rama auma, and how much is influenced by Rama stories. All the big cats central to their collective history and identity. Previously much more of a physical danger than now due to overhunting and habitat destruction. Previously a greater source of income (hides).
  • Léxica:
    Borrowed from Miskitu. See auma.

kruubu nuknuknga

I. N

1. animal,mammal mountain lion
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kruubu nuknuknga yaap aakuaala. Tausung isungka imalngi.
    The mountain lion, his body is pretty . When he sees a dog he kills it.

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
kruubu nuknuknga
jaguar yellow

kruubu parnga

I. N

1. animal,mammal black jaguar
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kruubu parnga kuleeruk pluuma. Pas taim yupyuwa kruubu uuk anaap ki sukai. Suulaik yuitraali kruubu isii yaltanangi. Kruubu aingwa aa angwai niis kauling.
    Black tiger with white throat. Old time people put on this tiger skin on their body. They walk in the bush with it. They look like a tiger. The real tiger never know that he is people.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
kruubu parnga
jaguar black

kruubu saala

I. N

1. animal,mammal redish jaguar

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
kruubu saala
jaguar red

kruubu siksiknga

I. N

1. animal,mammal speckled jaguar
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kruubu siksiknga imaaruk puksakba, nuknuknga an parnga.
    The speckled tiger, he is two colored, yellow and black.
    El gato montés es moteado, es de dos colores, amarillo y negro.

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
kruubu siksiknga
jaguar speckled

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    They distinguish jaguars bv color of their hide. This is the standard speckled pattern.
  • Léxica:
    "Kruubu" is borrowed from Miskito, and can refer to several different wild cats, adding color or size adjectives to differentiate them, or the word "aingwa" to indicate the big speckled jaguar. ("aingwa" is used to denote the genuine big one, "the real one" of a category. The original Rama word is probably "auma."

kulii

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal paca, KR givenot

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    A highly prized meat which is hunted and usually eaten roasted. Often hunted by torching along the creekside at night: to torch you paddle upstream, and then drift down after the moon rises, hoping to spot and kill game that have come down to the waterside. (People originally made torches from long grasses palms, etc., then moved on to tying flashlights to the side of their heads, but now increasingly have headlamps.)

kutung

I. N

1. animal,mammal type of squirrel

kwatang

I. N

1. animal,mammal big bat

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Any of a number of large black bats that fly in the night. No particular beliefs associated with them.
  • Léxica:
    Also kuaatang

kwerku

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal pig/hog
Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Free-roaming hogs in small numbers have been raised for a long time as a source of income. By 2008, many more hogs, most still free-roaming, which has created more problems of hygiene and of digging up crops (though many have taken up the local custom of knotting a wire through the snout to dissuade the latter.) Pork has been eatenby many for a long time. The good time to castrate a hog is with the new moon because the skin is soft. If you do it at the full moon the skin is tough.
  • Gramatical:
    Borrowing from Spanish (puerco).

marmari

I. N

1. animal,mammal mouse

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Mice in the bush are generally brown, and resemble hamsters (except that their tails are longer) more than gray city mice.
  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication common in animal names.
  • Léxica:
    Aso "mrimri."

mingkuk

I. N

1. animal,mammal tayra

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    They eat cane a lot, so most likely to be seen in a cane field. They also eat fowl (chickens).
  • Léxica:
    "Bush dog," like "nightwalker," can refer to several different animals, and the Rama, at least now, probably follows suit.

misi

I. N

1. animal,mammal coati mundi

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Traditional animal found in Adams stories.
    Rama people used to keep them as house guards (same with racoons).
    Animal tradicional que se menciona en las historias de Adam. Al pueblo Rama le gusta tenerlos como guardianes de la casa (lo mismo que a los mapaches.

muksa

I. N

1. animal,mammal collared peccary
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Nakak sii su yaapuni sikwiik skaa su. Muksa kwsi ikaa aamliika brik imaali.
    "the ""nakak"" bush grows in the river, on the edge of the creek. The peccary eats the leaves. It smells bad."

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    The meat of the white lipped peccary is preferred because supposedly it does not have as strong a scent as this peccary. Supposedly both peccaries (but not pigs/hogs) have a gall that protects them from snake bites. Supposedly also this peccary does not have an 'owner' and runs in all directions (unlike the wari).

ngarbing

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal tapir
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Ngarbing tiiski aakitka bii, iniitniit ikwaakari.
    Only when the mountain cow is small it has stripes.
    La danta tiene rayas, solo cuando es pequeño.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    An important animal in the Adam cycle.
    It has a very tough hide. They hunt it for meat, sometimes torching it in the night during dry weather, but not everybody likes to eat it because it is a very dark meat. Used to use the hide to make things with because it is tough (like ropes, sacks, shoes, belts...).
    El danto es un animal importante en el Ciclo de Adam. Tiene un cuero fuerte. Lo cazan por su carne, algunas veces salen a buscarlo con antorchas durante el verano, pero no a todos les gusta comerlo porque la carne es oscura. Se utiliza el cuero para hacer cuerdas, bolsos, zapatos, fajas.

ngaungup

I. N

1. animal,body,mammal wari scent

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    This is an oval shaped organ about 4 by 4 1/2 inches from near the kidney. It is roasted for the hunting dog.
  • Gramatical:
    With the '-up' suffix of roundish shapes.

ngulkang

I. N

2. animal,mammal white lipped peccary

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Preferred bush meat which may be eaten roasted, or roasted and stewed in coconut milk, or salted and stewed. Also sold salted in Bluefields. Traditionally hunted with bow and arrow, currently hunted mostly with gun, and with the help of small dogs if they have them. Some still use homemade lances to hunt them.
    Figures prominently in Adam stories and belief system in general. Lots of beliefs regarding waris and fer de lance snakes (tamagaf). There is also a "wari owner," a little man who lives in the bush and who controls release of the wari from a big hole deep in the bush, where he also hides them sometimes.
    You are supposed to hang the skull facing the direction of where it was killed so that it will call the others for you to hunt them. The hunter is not supposed to eat the guts or the feet. In Cane Creek they don't keep the guts to eat but in Rama Cay they do. But it is good for the hunter to eat the nose so that he can smell the wari from far away.
    You cut out the wari scent (an organ about 4x2 1/2 inches, oval, from around the kidney area) and roast it for the dog.

ngulkang airi

I. N

1. animal,food,mammal wari soup

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
ngulkang airi
white lipped peccary soup

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    One of the foods you prepare when you kill a wari. You make the soup after you have roasted the meat and shared it out. You boil rice in water and add boiled wari meat, salt and coconut milk. You can add gourd pepper, black pepper, onion if you have it. Another, probably more traditional way to make the soup (from cane creek) is to boil the meat, and peel and boil green banana. Then beat the banana with the wabul stick and put it in the wari soup water. Add salt, gourd or other pepper, culantro or basil. Leave the wari head for the following morning. That you can boil and then stew (with coconut milk) or make more soup.

ngung ngung ngung

I. onom.

1. animal,mammal,percep. sound the baboon (howler monkey) makes

nung-nung-nung

I. onom.

1. animal,mammal,percep. Sound the baboon (howler monkey) makes

paalpa

I. N

1. animal,food,hunting,mammal manatee
Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Another important animal in the Adam cycle. Has a spirit owner, the whale. The hunt used to be a communal event, with a lot of ceremonial rules, as was the butchering and eating.
    Hide used for various artifacts. Extremely scarce now. Ghost Point, at the north end of Red Bank, is one location where manatees are traditionally said to hang out.

pais

I. N

1. animal,mammal sloth
Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    There are sloths in the traditional Adam stories. There are different kinds of sloths. They don't hunt them or eat them.

parpas

I. N

1. animal,mammal,water porpoise

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Young boys from Cane creek used to go out to sea close to shore and strike porpoises with harpoons just for fun.

    En Cane Creek los jóvenes solían ir al mar, cerca de la costa, a arponear delfines para divertirse.
  • Gramatical:
    Borrowing from English (porpoise).

    Prestado del Inglés

piang

I. N

1. animal,mammal most likely cacomistle or kinkajou

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    small mammal that walks high up in the trees at night and hollers loudly. The call is frightening! Probable that many people, not just Ramas, do not differentiate among several diifferent species with similar body shapes and coloring, e.g., kinkajous, cacomistles, and olingos, since they are all arboreal and nocturnal and therefore not often actually seen. The cacomistle is the only one of the three identified in literature as having a loud call, which it uses to defend it s territory.

psak

I. N

1. animal,mammal small ground squirrel
Pictures/Imagenes:

puk

I. N

1. animal,mammal agouti

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Smaller than a paca (givenot in Kriol). It is reddish brown color and is hunted for food.
  • Léxica:
    Kyaki is Miskitu and kriol.

puk saala

I. N

1. animal,food,hunting,mammal agouti

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    A pretty red-brown rodent, smaller than a givenot (paca) which is hunted for its meat. Usually roasted. Sometimes then are stewed. Some also fry it. Kyakis and pacas dig dens with tunnels in the bush, often among the big tree roots. Some dogs are specialists for hunting givenot and kyaki (agouti). Despite their rabbit size, they can do a lot of damage if they have the chance to bite up the hunting dogs.
  • Léxica:
    They are all the same color. The babies are striped and speckled like fawns. Those who say puk saala probably use puk alone for givenot (kulii).

puus

I. N

1. animal,mammal cat
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Puus ngunis kunkunbi kuaakari.
    The cat has four whiskers.
    El gato tiene cuatro bigotes.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Sometimes kept around the house. A wet cat means bad weather, so if you have one in your dory, you try to keep it dry. particularly in the southern communities, a number of cats appear to have mixed with wild spotted cats, as can be seen from the photo.
  • Gramatical:
    Loanword from English 'pussy cat'.

samalung

I. N

1. animal,mammal opposum

Notas:

  • Léxica:
    Also smaalung

sarkin

I. N

1. animal,mammal,water whale

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    The Whale is supposedly the mananti owner. It is found in the Adam cycle also.

singaring

I. N

1. animal,mammal small bat

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Small bats often live in the roofs of thatched houses, flying in and out during the evening and night. Various bats, small brown rats, birds, and raccoons eat bananas that have been hung by the bunch in the house as they ripen.

suksuk

I. N

1. animal,mammal raccoon
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Suksuk aap niitniitwa bii.
    The body of the racoon is a striped one too.
    El cuerpo del mapache es rayado también.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Supposedly old time people had them in the house as house guards.
  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication.

suuk

I. N

1. animal,mammal rat
Pictures/Imagenes:

suula

I. N

2. animal,mammal deer

suula mamaama

I. N

1. animal,mammal tame deer

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
suula mamaama
deer tame

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    In old times, people migh keep a baby deer around the house.

suula pluuma

I. N

1. animal,mammal white deer

suula saala

I. N

1. animal,mammal red deer

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
suula saala
deer red

suulki kruk

I. N

1. animal,mammal anteater

tamarsu

I. N

2. animal,mammal skunk

tausung

I. N

1. animal,hunting,mammal dog
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Tausung ngulkang ngaungup imaat inguuki.
    The dog smells the wari scent.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    People who can, have hunting dogs, which are usually small. Good hunting dogs are highly valued, if not always well treated.
  • Léxica:
    RCC uses "shuku" for dog, especially a small one. Ulwa "sulu" from Nahuatl xulo. Yul in Miskitu.

tkustkus

I. N

1. animal,mammal rabbit
Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    They don't raise them. Not a common animal.
  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication common in animal names.

ulinguling

I. N

1. animal,mammal howler monkey
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Ulinguling ikakat su yukyaatingi.
    The baboon sit down on the big limb.
  • Ulinguling tuut uup tuut kaa ikwsi sirik tuut uup alptangka sii ki ikwsi.
    The baboon eat the seed and the leaf of the fig tree. When the fig seed drop in the water, the machaca eat it.

Pictures/Imagenes:

2. plant baboon pepper

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Ulinguling pluuma, yuup tiiskiba suk. Yastaikbaingi.
    the baboon pepper is white, its seed is very tiny. It is very hot.

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    You can hear them from a great distance away. Can frighten you the first time you hear them. Travel in troupes, and are part of the traditional early morning and early evening sounds in the bush, and until not so long ago, on the outskirts of Bluefields. As of 2008, increasingly rare due to loss of habitat and killing by new campesinos.
    Se pueden escuchar a gran distancia. Pueden atemorizar la primera vez que se escuchan. Viajan en manadas, temprano en la mañana y al atardecer, son parte del sonido tradicional en el monte. Hasta no hace mucho se encontraban en las afueras de Bluefields. Desde el 2008, es cada vez mas raro encontrarlos debido a la pérdida del habitat y a que los campesinos los matan.
  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication common in animal names.

ulungulung

I. N

1. animal,mammal porcupine

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Reduplication common to animal names.

uuk airung

I. N

1. animal,mammal big rat

Composicion:

Compounds
Morfemas
uuk airung
mother

wakling

I. N

1. animal,mammal white face monkey , [ESP] mono cara blanca
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Kaniinis kauling aa kwsi. Aamliika imaali. Wakling bii kwsi.
    People don't eat shankwa turtle. It smells bad. Only the white face monkey eats it.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Sometimes they will have it as a household pet.
  • Léxica:
    Borrowed from Miskitu.

wingku taara

I. N

1. animal,mammal giant anteater

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Extremely endangered. They can be fearsome animals when cornered as they are powerful and have long claws. There is a story from Cane Creek of a young man who was supposedly killed by one.
  • Gramatical:
    Borrowing from Miskitu.