aakulaaling

I. V

1. break spoil

[arriba]

aaplang

I. V

1. health clean , [ESP] limpiar

2. dom.,house sweep

Pictures/Imagenes:

3. scrub

4. brush , [ESP] cepillar

5. scrape , [ESP] rasguñar

6. break scratch

7. nat. be clear

Notas:

Gramatical:
Has a variant 'aapalng' that is less frequent. The distribution between the two verbs is not related to suffixation of tense or subordinator.

[arriba]

aarik

I. V

1. break break , [ESP] romper

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive. The correponding intransitive verb is 'alaarik'. The final vowel 'i' can be elided. The short form 'aark' is actually the most frequent.

[arriba]

aasauling

I. V

1. break fight , [ESP] luchar

Notas:

Gramatical:
Constructed with a patient comitative marked by the postposition 'u' (with).

[arriba]

aatark

I. V

1. break burst

2. split

3. tear , [ESP] rasgar

4. cut , [ESP] cortar

5. shoot , [ESP] Tirar

6. squeeze , [ESP] exprimir

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive. The corresponding intransitive verb is 'altark' (to split, to tear). 'tark' seems to have the same use as 'aatark' but is less frequent.

[arriba]

alamsuk

I. V

1. disappear , [ESP] Desaparecer

2. break die , [ESP] Morir

3. calm down , [ESP] Calmar

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. When suffixed with tense markers '-i' (present) or '-u' (past), the form is 'alamskw-'. 'alamsuk' is the form when suffixed by subordinators or aspects. The middle 'a' can eventually be elided. Derived by prefixation of 'al-' from transitive 'amsuk'

[arriba]

alauk

I. V

1. break burn

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'auk'.

[arriba]

alaukima

I. ADJ

1. break burned

Composicion:

derivation

Morfemas
alauk	ima
burn	participle

Notas:

Etnográfica:
You burn the house down when someone dies in it, but you save the beams.

[arriba]

almaik

I. V

1. food grind , [ESP] moler, triturar

1. cooking,mov rub on rock , [ESP] moler

2. break get mashed , [ESP] machacado

3. body have intercourse

Notas:

Etnográfica:
You have to grind chocolate with rubbing rock; the ibu to make ibu bunya.

Debés moler el chocolate con una piedra de moler; el ibu para hacer ibu bunya
Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'amaik'.

Intrasitivo. El verbo transitivo correspondiente es 'amaik'.

[arriba]

almaling

I. V

1. break,health be sick

1. break,health die

Notas:

Gramatical:
In variation with 'almalng' and 'almling', where one of the two last vowels falls. Note that the complete stem is rather rare. Generally the 'almalng' variant is used when suffixed with tense, and the 'almling' variant when suffixed with subordinator. Also interesting to note that here the causative 'maling' (to kill) is the base for a derived intransitive verb 'almaling' (to die).

[arriba]

almtung

I. V

1. break bend

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. Although the corresponding transitive verb 'mtung' exists, 'panik uung' (to bent, transitive) is more used.

[arriba]

alngais

I. V

1. be tied up

2. break be tangled

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'angais' (to tie).

[arriba]

alngaring

I. V

1. break get hit

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'ngaring'. The final vowel 'i' can be elided so we get as a variant 'alngarng'.

[arriba]

alngatik

I. V

1. break cut

1. get cut

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'angatik' or 'ngatik'. Here the notion of intransitive includes situations when someone cuts him/herself. The last vowel can be elided when the verb is suffixed with a tense marker, as in 'alngatk-u' or in the past participle form 'alngatk-ima'. When suffixed with a subordinator, the complete form 'alngatik' is used. The velar nasal 'ng' can be reduced to 'n'.

[arriba]

altark

I. V

1. break split

2. tear

Notas:

Gramatical:
Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'aatark'.

[arriba]

amsuk

I. V

1. break mash

2. kill

3. lose

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive. 'amsuk' is used for the imperative and when suffixed with subordinator. The variant form 'amskw' is used with tense marker. Has a derived intransitive 'alamsuk' (disappear) with same type of variant 'alamskw'.

[arriba]

angatik

I. V

1. break cut

Notas:

Etnográfica:
It means more precisely 'cutting by hitting'.
Gramatical:
Transitive. See other transitive 'ngatik' with the same meaning. No apparent explanation for their distribution (but 'angatik' is much more frequent).
The corresponding intransitive verb is 'alngatik'.
Either one of the last two vowels or both vowels can be elided. This complete form 'angatik' is used when suffixed with subordinators and is in free variation with 'angtik'. 'angatk' or 'angtk' are used with tense markers.

[arriba]

arngut

I. V

1. body,break,health bite

Notas:

Gramatical:
The 'arngut' variant is used at the imperative or when suffixed with subordinator, while 'arngul' is suffixed with tense. There are also two other variants 'arungul' and 'arungut' but rather rare.

[arriba]

auk

I. V

1. cooking,food roast , [ESP] Asar

2. break burn , [ESP] Quemar

3. food cook

4. cooking,food bake , [ESP] Hornear

Notas:

Etnográfica:
The old Ramas did not bake. They did not have ovens. To bake, people place what is to be baked in a wide iron pot and then put a sheet of metal on top with fire coals on it.
Gramatical:
Transitive. The corresponding intransitive verb is 'alauk'.

[arriba]

ingking

I. V

1. break,cooking,mov pound

[arriba]

isima

I. ADJ

1. break,food,percep. stinky

Notas:

Etnográfica:
For anything that smells really stinky, like spoiled food, rotten meat, babies with diarrhea.
Gramatical:
A hypothesis would be that this word is a derivation of 'isi' (liquor) and '-ima' or '-ma', suffix making adjectives. In which case the translation would be more like 'fermented'.

[arriba]

isima maal

I. V

1. break,food,percep. stink

Composicion:

expression

Morfemas
isima	maal
stinky	smell

[arriba]

kain

I. V

1. artef. carve

2. artef. trim

3. break cut

4. food peel

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

Gramatical:
Used in the sense 'to make' for dory or artefacts cut in wood.

[arriba]

kainima

I. ADJ

1. break cut

Composicion:

derivation

Morfemas
kain	ima
carve	participle

[arriba]

kin-uung

I. V

1. break,mov stretch

1. body,health be pregnant

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive for the meaning 'to stretch'. The corresponding intransitive verb is 'kin-ting'. In the meaning 'be pregnant', the verb used is always 'kin-uung'.

[arriba]

kwaala

I. ADJ

1. measuring bad

2. break rotten

3. measuring,percep. ugly

4. mean

5. measuring dangerous

[arriba]

kwsing

I. N

1. artef.,break axe

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:

Kwsing kat yuanpaukkama.
The axe is for them to fall trees.
Uut nsupangi kwsing u nsuaapaik traatkama.
We dig out the dory with an axe to go paddle around.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

Etnográfica:
Used for falling trees, or splitting wood.

[arriba]

maling

I. V

1. break kill

Notas:

Gramatical:
In variation with 'malng' and 'mling', where one of the vowels falls. Note that the complete stem is rather rare. Generally the 'malng' variant is used when suffixed with tense, and the 'mling' variant when suffixed with subordinator. The intransitive to die is derived from it by prefixation of 'al-' as in 'almaling'.

[arriba]

mkak

I. V

1. break bend

[arriba]

mtung

I. V

1. break bend

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive. With the same meaning, 'panik uung' is more used.
The corresponding intransitive is 'almtung'.

[arriba]

mtus

I. V

1. break,mov squeeze

[arriba]

muhting

I. V

1. break,dory break off

Notas:

Gramatical:
We can eventually recognize the 'ting' helping verb, but the initial 'muh' does not exist alone.

[arriba]

ngaling kung

I. V

1. get hard

Composicion:

expression

Morfemas
ngaling	kung
rock	make

[arriba]

ngaring

I. V

1. break hit

2. beat

3. wop

4. flap

5. flog

Notas:

Gramatical:
Transitive. The corresponding intransitive verb is 'alngaring'. Either one of the two vowels can be elided so we get as variants 'ngring' and 'ngarng'.