Mostrando 207 palabras para la categoria: adjective
1. body hairy ,
[ESP] velludo, peludo
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aabak |
-wa |
body hair |
with |
vello |
|
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Refers to stiff wiry hairs, as in ngaukngauk aabakwa (tarantula).
1. measuring crooked ,
[ESP] torcido, encorvado
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
kiibing |
ba |
not |
straight |
ADJ |
1. dangerous ,
[ESP] peligroso Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Tauli alaarki alkabingi. Aakustanik, tabiikama tauli su.
The sea is breaking and rolling. It is dangerous to get out to sea.
-
Ning kaanu aakustanik aalbut baingi kwaakar.
This place is dangerous. It has plenty snakes.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The initial 'aa-' maybe the derivational negative prefix but there is no evidence of a lexical item 'kustanik'. We can also find it suffixed with the derivational '-ba'.
1. dangerous ,
[ESP] peligroso
1. good
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
kutkuula |
not |
bad |
1. measuring pretty
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
kwaala |
not |
bad |
1. food,percep. sweet ,
[ESP] dulce
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
kwaalka |
not |
bad |
1. percep. pretty ,
[ESP] bonito
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
kwaals |
not |
bad |
1. animal,body with bones ,
[ESP] con huesos Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Siirik salpka aalukwa.
The macharca is a bony fish.
La macharca es un pez espinudo.
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aaluk |
wa |
bone |
with |
hueso |
|
1. measuring bad ,
[ESP] malo
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
mliika |
not |
good |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See other forms with 'mlii...' adjectives with positive sense: 'mliis', 'mliima'.
1. measuring bad
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
mliis |
not |
pretty |
1. hard ,
[ESP] duro
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
namaa |
not |
slow |
1. measuring soft ,
[ESP] suave
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
ngalma |
long a |
hard |
a larga, doble a |
|
1. measuring slow ,
[ESP] despacio
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
ngaska |
not |
fast |
1. measuring unclear ,
[ESP] confuso
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
sabii |
not |
clear |
1. food boiled ,
[ESP] hervido
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aasik |
ima |
boil |
participle |
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
"boil-up" is usually the least preferred meal preparation as it means boiled breadkind with no meat, fish, beans, or even coconut milk.
"Hervida" es una forma poco preferida para preparar esta comida pues significa bastimento hervido sin carne, pescado o frijoles, o incluso leche de coco.
1. measuring short ,
[ESP] corto, bajo
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
sumsuma |
not |
very long |
negación |
|
1. measuring small ,
[ESP] pequeño
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
taara |
not |
big |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Derived by affixation of negation 'aa-' from 'taara' (big). See also 'tiiski' (small).
1. measuring cheap
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
tangaa |
not |
expensive |
1. measuring very small
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
tataara |
not |
very big |
1. measuring big ,
[ESP] grande
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
tiiskiba |
not |
small |
1. left
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aatka |
ima |
leave |
participle |
1. measuring long
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
aa |
tkukiba |
not |
short |
1. emot poor ,
[ESP] pobre Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Dolfo abanga yaap aamlis aakulaalingatkulakari anaungi
Poor Dolfo's body is all spoiled (up),
2. unlucky , [ESP] desafortunado
1. new ,
[ESP] nuevo Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Naing nguu abiisa ma nipis batingi.
I want to show you my new house.
1. space side
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Derived from noun 'aik' (side).
1. big
II.
N
1. family,human mother
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Can mean the biggest, mother of all, as with huge oyster from which the other oysters come.
1. straightened
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Used for hair. Participial form of 'alaalu' (to drift).
1. break burned
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
alauk |
ima |
burn |
participle |
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
You burn the house down when someone dies in it, but you save the beams.
2. dry
II.
N
1. nat. sun ,
[ESP] Sol
III.
V
3. sun
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The final 'aa' can be shortened.
1. health constipated
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Constipation and diarrhea are common health concerns. Many home preparations to try to help with these conditions, including purges.
1. human wise
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Literally 'awake, not asleep'.
1. health crippled
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
alkutk |
ima |
cramp |
participle |
1. bent
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
almtung |
ima |
bend |
participle |
1. dropped
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
alpting |
ima |
drop |
participle |
botar |
|
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Harmony of the last verbal vowel with the participle suffixe -ima.
1. cooking rubbed
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
amaik |
ima |
rub on rock |
participle |
1. pretty ,
[ESP] Bonito
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Borrowing from English 'handsome'.
1. virgin ,
[ESP] Virgen
2. health sterile , [ESP] Esteril
3. plant fruitless
2. space right ,
[ESP] Correcto, derecha
1. very
2. too , [ESP] Demasiado, tambien
Notas:
- Gramatical:
When suffixed to a verb it means that the subject like to do it : 'naas aakis-baing-i' (I like to sing).
1. break,food,percep. stinky
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
For anything that smells really stinky, like spoiled food, rotten meat, babies with diarrhea. - Gramatical:
A hypothesis would be that this word is a derivation of 'isi' (liquor) and '-ima' or '-ma', suffix making adjectives. In which case the translation would be more like 'fermented'.
1. break cut
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kain |
ima |
carve |
participle |
1. cooking fried
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kans |
ima |
fry |
participle |
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
They fry fish, flour "tortillas," ripe and green plantain, green breadfruit, occasionally boiled cassava, sometimes beans, occasionally chicken eggs. Coconut oil preferred. Meat such as turtle, wari in its own oil. Iibo oil also used by some to fry food.
1. standing up
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kauk |
ima |
stand |
participle |
1. measuring tough
II.
N
1. health hard boil
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
Has a variant 'kaungkaungma' resulting from nasalisation of the final derivational suffix '-ba' after nasal velar 'ng'.
1. measuring straight
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kiibing |
ba |
straight |
ADJ |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The derivational suffix '-ba' can be nasalized into '-ma' because of the preceeding nasal 'ng'.
1. male
II.
N
1. human man
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Modern variant of the original 'nkiikna', with simplification of the initial consonant cluster. All the compound words were writen with the original 'nkiikna'.
1. body,cogn wise
Composicion:
expression
1. body courageous
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
kiup |
kalba |
heart |
plenty |
1. none
2. none
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Borrowing from English 'clean'. Rama: yatkulu. - Léxica:
kliin and yatkulu translated as finished, done, while mahaling translated as "none there."
1. food addicted
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Added to the end of, or after food or drink items
1. big
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Has a variant 'kurk'. Both are equivalent.
1. fuzzy
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
For Black people hair. - Gramatical:
From 'krus' (coal) reduplicated. With a noun, the derived form is used : 'kruskrusba'.
1. body,percep. fuzzy
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
For Black people hair. - Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. animal,body with wings
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kukat |
-wa |
wing, the two front ventral fins on fish |
|
1. animal,plant female Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Ngaukngauk parnga ikaat ngaarak ikuaakar. Ikaat aabak kuaakar. Ngaukngauk nuknuknga kumaa.
The black spider has many feet. He has hairy feet. The yellow one is a she - spider.
La araña negra tiene muchas patas. Tiene patas peludas. Las amarillas son arañas hembras.
II.
N
2. human woman Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Kumaa kalma sukuinglut.
women wash clothes
2. family,human wife
1. measuring bad
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'aamliima' and other negative forms of adjectives for 'good'.
1. space upper
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
kuyak |
ba |
high up |
|
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Enters into numerous compositions for naming object parts with the meaning upper.
1. measuring bad
2. emot ashamed
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See 'kwaalka aating' for meaning of ashamed.
1. color striped with lines
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
maaruk |
maaruk |
wa |
mark |
mark |
with |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication for emphasis.
1. color two colored
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
maaruk |
puksak |
ba |
mark |
two |
|
1. with marks
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
maaruk |
wa |
mark |
with |
1. body,percep. curly
2. twisted
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. animal tame
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
There are tame plants and animals, such as tame chocolate and tame bribri, meaning that people purposefully plant it, and wild chocolate and bribri, other varieties which you go find in the bush.
1. measuring very old
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Intensive of 'malangka'
1. measuring good
2. emot happy
3. food tasty
1. easy
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See variant form maliika. Constructed with postposition 'su' (about).
1. food,health sweet
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
mliika |
ba |
tasty |
ADJ |
1. measuring good
2. percep. pretty
3. good for
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'mliika' and 'mliis'. 'mliima' can be used to qualify something that is 'adequate' = 'good for some practical use'.
1. measuring clear
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
mutmut |
ba |
clear |
ADJ |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. space far
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Contains 'aik' (side).
1. whole
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
nakasking |
ba |
totally |
ADJ |
1. health coagulated
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
ngaling |
kung |
ima |
rock |
make |
participle |
1. measuring strong
1. percep. hard
2. measuring difficult
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Used to qualify wood, dory, shell, bag, cough, wind, hard boil, food taste, ... Metaphorically it is used with 'kukaa' (ear) to mean 'stubborn'. In the abstract sens 'difficult' it means an action hard to achieve.
1. color smooth
2. color silky
3. color shiny
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'ngarngarikis' or 'ngarngarikisang' with the same meaning. It is probably the same root than 'ngarngaring' (green/blue).
1. percep. smooth
2. percep. silky
3. percep. shiny
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'ngarikngarikba' with the same meaning. It is probably the same root than 'ngarngaring' (green/blue).
1. color green
2. color blue
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
Usually not used alone but with derivational suffixes such as '-ba/-ma' (neutral suffix to make adjectives) or '-is/-isang/-isba' (sort of). See also 'ngarngarikis' and 'ngarikngarikba' (smooth, silky, shiny) with probably the same root.
1. color green Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Uriaup supkaaba yuup tiiskiba barka supka. Taimka pwatpa arii yuniuungi. Yuuk ngarngaringba.
the lime seed is small but sour. Sometimes I make fresco with it. Its skin is green.
2. color blue
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Nuunik kaas ngarngaringba.
The sky is blue.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication common to some color names. Has a frequent variant 'ngarngaringma' where the final suffix '-ba' is nasalised in contact with the velar nasal 'ng'. Has also a rare variant 'ngringringma'.
1. measuring thin
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. color with black stripes
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
ngiira |
parnga |
wa |
stripe |
black |
with |
1. with red stripes
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
ngiira |
saala |
wa |
stripe |
red |
with |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The suffix '-wa' (with) applies to the whole expression.
2. animal male Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Nkiikna katkup angatki, nguu anparkkama.
The men cut logs to make houses.
-
Ikursking aabak baingbing ning nkiikna.
This man has plenty chest hair.
II.
N
1. human man Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Nkiikna katkup angatki, nguu anparkkama.
The men cut logs to make houses.
-
Ikursking aabak baingbing ning nkiikna.
This man has plenty chest hair.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Original pronunciation of the word, with initial consonant cluster. Today semi spealers use a simplified version 'kiikna'.The plural form is with either -dut 'nkiiknadut' or -lut 'nkiiknalut'.
1. color yellow
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
Usually 'nuknuknga' is used to mean 'yellow'.
1. color yellow Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Bleera aabak nuknuknga.
The spider monkey has yellow hair.
El mono araña tiene el pelo amarillo.
-
Taulkup uup nuknuknga, pwatpa kwiiskama.
The bribri seed is yellow and sweet to eat.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Partial reduplication commonly found in color names. Has variant form 'nguknguknga'
1. color brown Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Abung puupu yuut nupisba. Ngalaali pwatpa yuungi. Yirii ki kat aap su yuungi.
The abung puupu bee is brown. It makes sweet honey. It makes it in the trees in the swamp.
-
Sii uut nupisba yarnguli.
The marching ants are brown.
Estas hormigas son de color cafe.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Form with the adjectival suffix '-ba'. The bare form 'nupis' was not found.
1. own
1. alone
1. self
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The reflexive is used in the same form for every person. So it can be translated as 'myself, yourself, himself...'.
1. food bitter
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Like coffee with no sugar or some kinds of medicinal teas.
1. food bitter
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
pakaskaa |
ba |
bitter |
|
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Used to qualify a noun, whereas 'pakaskaa' is used predicatively.
1. color black Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Pilispilis parnga. Isiik sumaa, haap parnga haap sasaisba. suupa ikwsi.
The billbird is black and his bill is long, half black and half sort of red . He eats suupa.
El "billbird" es negro y su pico es largo, mitad negro y mitad casi rojo. Come bananos.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Gets an reduplicated intensive form 'parparnga' (very black).
1. color very black
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Intensive form of the adjective 'parnga'. Reduplication.
1. color white Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Krikam sinsak pluuma. Isiik taik saala. Kabiis ikwsi. Uut tangaik inganaaki.
The seagull is a white bird. The side of his bill is red. He eats shrimps. He follows the boat.
La gaviota es un ave blanca. Los lados del pico son rojos. Come camarones. Sigue a los barcos.
-
Biip kangali arii pluuma.
The cow milk is white.
La leche de vaca es blanca.
1. measuring dry
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also the derived form 'pluusba' and 'pluusang'.
2. taste sweet
II.
N
1. food sugar
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
They use cane sugar or honey. They don"t use honey in cooking, they just eat it or sometimes use it as part of bush medicine. - Gramatical:
Sometimes pronounced 'poatpa'.
1. color,percep. painted
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
saa |
ima |
paint |
participle |
1. color red Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Aliup u anut saala uungima. Yupsi ki ankansima, anngut ki ansaima.
They make red with the naata seed. They fry it in oil and they paint their face.
-
Aliup namlaaki ikat skwa. Alkaa ki nsualiskiingi, urnga saala yuuungkama.
I pick the naata from its tree. In the sun we dry it to make the food red with it.
1. with prickles
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
saaluk |
wa |
prickle |
with |
1. space from down
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
sabaak |
ba |
low |
ADJ |
2. measuring bright
Composicion:
derivation
1. clearly
Composicion:
derivation
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Derived from 'sabii' by suffixation.
1. very clear
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. measuring cold
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Interesting minimal pair with 'saaima' (painted, rubbed).
1. measuring cold
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'saima' that is more often used to say 'cold'.
1. color red
Notas:
- Gramatical:
See also 'saala' (red), that is much more used.
1. color pink
2. color orange
3. color reddish
Notas:
- Gramatical:
We recognize the derivationnal suffix '-ba' but '*sasais' does not exist alone.
1. full
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
For fruits and vegetables, to be full is a stage before being ripe.
1. body with teeth
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
siik |
wa |
tooth |
with |
1. measuring soft
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Adjective formed by suffixation of -ba, typical of adjectives.
1. color speckled
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Partial reduplication common in color names; see 'nuknuknga' (yellow). The noun from which this adjective is derived is 'siiksiik' (spots).
1. measuring very soft
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Adjective formed from 'siirkaba', by reduplication for emphasis.
1. small
II.
N
1. young
2. baby
1. little Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Nkiikna suksuk siktak yaami lakun ki.
The little boys swim naked in the lagoon.
1. measuring small
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. measuring very long
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
sum |
suma |
long |
long |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication. The first 'suma' is reduced to 'sum-'.
1. food,taste sour
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
Some fruits are sour, such as lime or sour orange. Different kinds of bunya are consumed either as fresh or sour (fermented), depending on a person's taste preference, for example, suupa or iibo bunya.
1. big Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
-
Taapum salpka taara. Itris aatiiskiba ikuaakar. Kiiknadut mlingka, nsut sungi.
The tarpoon is a big fish. He has big scales. When the men kill it, we see it.
El ´sabalo real es un pez grande. Tiene escamas grandes. cuando los hombres lo matan, nosotros los vemos.
-
Maa na uruk su taara.
You are bigger than me.
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Loanword from Miskitu. The intensive form is with reduplication 'tataara' (very big).
1. dripping
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. dripping
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
tahtah |
ba |
dripping |
ADJ |
1. pegged
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
tak |
ting |
ima |
join |
do |
participle |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The general meaning of 'tak-' is the idea that two things are joining. See also 'tak-aating', 'tak-ting' and 'tak-uung'.
1. measuring expensive
II.
N
1. price
Notas:
- Etnográfica:
In Rama, 'tangaa' is oriented towards being expensive. The notion of price is the same as the notion of expensive.
1. very big
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Intensive form of 'taara'. Reduplication.
2. measuring small
Notas:
- Gramatical:
In the sense of 'child', 'tiiskiba' is mostly used in the plural 'tiiskibalut'. - Léxica:
Also tiskiiba
1. very small
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
tiiskiba |
suk |
small |
|
1. measuring short
Notas:
- Gramatical:
'tkukiba' (short) is shorter than 'tkukama'.
1. measuring short
Notas:
- Gramatical:
'tkukiba' is shorter than 'tkukama' (short).
1. bumpy
Composicion:
derivation
2. knotty
Composicion:
derivation
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication for intensity.
1. bumpy
Composicion:
Compounds
Morfemas |
tkup |
wa |
bump |
with |
1. food,plant ripe
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
tuktiin |
ba |
be ripe |
ADJ |
Notas:
- Gramatical:
The derivational suffix '-ba' can be nasalised to '-ma' after the final nasal of 'tuktiin'.
1. body curly
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Reduplication.
1. soft
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Only used to qualify swamps. 'siirka' means 'soft' for other things.
1. dirty ,
[ESP] sucio
Composicion:
expression
Morfemas |
uula |
wa |
mud |
with |
lodo |
|
1. made ,
[ESP] hecho
Composicion:
derivation
Morfemas |
uung |
ima |
make |
participle |
1. very old ,
[ESP] muy viejo
Notas:
- Gramatical:
Partial reduplication. See 'yuwa'.