Diccionario


Mostrando 46 palabras para el campo semantico: natural phenomena

aaplang

I. V

1. health clean , [ESP] limpiar

2. dom.,house sweep

Pictures/Imagenes:

3. scrub

4. brush , [ESP] cepillar

5. scrape , [ESP] rasguñar

6. break scratch

7. nat. be clear

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Has a variant 'aapalng' that is less frequent. The distribution between the two verbs is not related to suffixation of tense or subordinator.

abung

I. N

1. nat. fire , [ESP] fuego

2. dom. firewood , [ESP] leña

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Abung aungaik yukanaatingaakari.
    Them sitting around the fire.
  • Abung kan kiing.
    Put out the fire!

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Looking for, finding, "junking," transporting, and "busting" firewood is a never-ending, and hugely time and energy consuming chore. Most people still cook with firewood, which is not as readily available as before. Also, since it rains so much, keeping your firewood dry is also a chore, as is keeping it from being stolen. Men also sell firewood in Bluefields.


    Buscar, encontrar, arreglar, transportar y “busting” leña es una tarea de nunca terminar, que consume una enorme cantidad de tiempo y energía. La mayoría de la gente todavía cocina con leña, que no es tan accesible como antes. Además, puesto que llueve mucho, mantener la leña seca es también un trabajo, así como almacenarla para que no se la roben. Los hombres venden leña en Bluefields.

alkaa

I. ADJ

2. dry

II. N

1. nat. sun , [ESP] Sol

III. V

3. sun

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    The final 'aa' can be shortened.

almuk yuwa tarki

I. V

1. nat. it thunders

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
almuk yuwa tark i
old man old PRES
Viejito viejo

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Literally : 'God is splitting it.'
  • Gramatical:
    A whole sentence with tense marker.

almuk yuwa yaa yalkangi

I. exp.

1. nat. it thunders

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Literally : 'God is throwing it.'

almuk yuwa yaa yuungi

I. exp.

1. nat. it thunders

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
almuk yuwa yaa y uung i
old man old 3OBJ 3 do PRES
Viejito viejo hacer

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Literally : 'God is doing it.'

alsak

I. V

1. nat. be low

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Only used in the expression 'sii alsaki' (low tide).

awas pronunciación

I. N

2. nat. light , [ESP] Luz

3. plant rubber , [ESP] Caucho, latex

Pictures/Imagenes:

3. artef.,hunting,plant slingshot

4. plant,tree pine tree , [ESP] Pino

5. health rubber sap

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Generally used to mean "light" from any source. Rubber tree sap also called "awas" because you can use it to "catch fire" when you don't have diesel or kerosene, or to burn for light. This is done by cutting the rubber tree and letting the sap harden into solid rubber, which then immediately catches fire from a lit match. There are also a number of other uses. For example, you can "haul" a piece of hardened rubber into a string to wind around the part of your handline above the hook as you would a wire leader in order to make it harder for a fish to cut the line. Can also be used for the light to torch in the night in the bush, though as of 2008, more people were acquiring headlamps for this purpose. Also used to make the rubber part of a slingshot. To do this you carve a mold into the dirt, pour in the sap, and let it harden. Slingshots are made and used principally by young boys for shooting down small birds and lizards. (The small birds are usually not used for anything, though occasionally boys will roast them and eat them, but more just for something to do. Shooting birds is a common activity for young boys among all ethnic groups, especially during the months when songbirds are migrating heavily, such as September.)
    The rubber sap can also be used to make a waterproof rubber sack that floats: For a good-sized sack, secure about 2 1/2 yds of thin cotton cloth horizontally on sticks, mix the rubber sap with some sulfur. Paint it over the cloth with a feather and allow to dry. Fold the edges and seal with more rubber sap. If you tie the sack securely, your pots, pans, clothes, etc. will be safe if your dory turns over. You can also use it as a life preserver. One medicinal use is to paint the "blowhole" of a beefworm with the sap. when the worm tries to come out for air, it will get stuck, and won't be able to breathe. (However, either way, someone will still have to dig the worm out.)
    Some old Ramas still have tools left which they use that were left from the days of the rubber company. There are a few pine trees in Bluefields, but they are not seen in the bush in the Rama territory.
  • Léxica:
    Borrowing from Mikito "auas." Probably because pine also can be used to make torches (Take a piece of pine about three feet long, split it very fine, and light it.....the sap causes it to burn.)

daaratuk

I. N

1. nat. lightening

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Two variants : 'daaratuk' and 'yaaratuk'. Final 'tuk' means 'tail' but neither 'daara' or 'yaara' mean something.

diiwas

I. N

1. nat.,wind northwest wind

2. wind breeze from the land

kaa pronunciación

I. V

1. mov put

1. mov put up

2. mov put down

3. nat. weather verb

Notas:

  • Léxica:
    Verb used to mean to lay eggs (for chicken)

kalkalk

I. ADV

1. nat.,water drizzling

kunkun

I. V

1. nat. blaze

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Reduplicated form.

kupting

I. V

1. health swell

2. nat.,sea reach high tide

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Intransitive. The corresponding transitive verb is 'kup-uung'. The meaning of reaching high tide is in the expression 'sii kuptingi'. Unusual case where the person marker goes between 'kup' and 'uung' in 'kup-uung' and before 'kup' in 'kupting'.

ngaling kung

I. V

1. get hard

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
ngaling kung
rock make

ngarkal

I. V

1. nat. blaze

2. nat. be_lightening

nuunik

I. N

1. nat. sun

2. time day

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Used with borrowed names of the week days of English as in 'monday nuunik' , 'tuesday nuunik' etc.

nuunik kaas

I. N

1. air,nat. sky

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
nuunuk kaas
day meat

nuunik kaas saala

I. N

1. nat. rainbow

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
nuunik kaas saala
day meat red

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Actual Rama. In old Rama, 'rainbow' is called 'sarkingmangkat'.

pakalsting

I. V

2. break,nat.,time get dark

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    With helping verb 'ting'.

piup

I. N

1. nat. star
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Piup baingbing ning kiikik kuyak nuunik kas ki.
    There are plenty stars in the sky tonight.
  • Piup taara nuunik kaas ki tabulak an tamas ki yaakari.
    The big star is in the sky in the evening and in the morning.

Pictures/Imagenes:

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    With class marker '-up' for roundish shape.

piup taara

I. N

1. nat. big star

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
piup taara
star big

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Old time people used to call it 'piup airung' (mother star).

piup tuk sumawa

I. N

1. nat. shooting star

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
piup tuk suma wa
star tail long with

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Literally 'star with a long tail'.

pulkat

I. N

1. nat.,wind wind

pulkat kiingaikba

I. N

1. nat.,wind out breeze

2. space,wind northeast wind

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    See also 'yaabra kiingaikba'.

pulkat kruk

I. N

1. nat.,wind big breeze

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
pulkat kruk
wind big

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    See also 'pulkat taara' for 'hurricane'.

pulkat taara

I. N

1. nat.,wind hurricane

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
pulkat taara
wind big

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    See also 'pulkat airung'.

sarkingmangkat

I. N

1. nat. rainbow

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Old Rama. In actual Rama, 'rainbow' is called 'nuunik kaas saala'.

sauka

I. N

2. nat. fog

II. V

1. nat. be foggy

sauka aing sii

I. N

1. nat.,water dew

sauk aing sii

I. N

1. nat.,water dew

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
sauk aing sii
hook of water

sawa

I. N

2. percep. smoke

4. nat.,percep. fog

II. V

2. smoke

3. percep. steam

seerbi

I. V

1. nat.,water flood

sii

I. N

1. nat. water

2. geo river

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    'sii' is for plain water, found in water, river, creek, and rain as in 'sii aatsi' (it rains) ; ocean is 'tauli' (salt).

sii aatsi

I. exp.

1. nat. it rains
Pictures/Imagenes:

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
sii aats i
water descend PRES

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    There appears to be no lexical noun for rain, only the verbal expression here 'sii aatsi' (it rains) from 'aatis' (descend).

sii alburnima

I. N

1. geo,nat. twirling water

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
sii alburnima
water twirling

sii alsaki

I. exp.

1. nat. to be low tide

sii kuptingi

I. exp.

1. geo,nat. high tide

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
sii kupting i
water swell PRES

sii sawa

I. N

1. nat.,water drizzle

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
sii sawa
water fog

tauli

I. N

1. sea sea

2. food salt

3. nat.,sea breakers

tkii aataiki

I. exp.

1. nat. earthquake

Composicion:

expression
Morfemas
tkii aataik i
earth pass PRES

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    When humans are involved, they take the postposition 'u' such as in 'Tkii anulu aataiki' (literaly 'the earth passed with them').

tukan

I. N

1. nat. moon
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Tukan uup aungai nuunik kas nangka nangka su.
    The moon (eye) is shining between the clouds.
  • Tukan seerini nainguku awas sabii ma itangi.
    The moon is full that's why it gives you bright light.

Pictures/Imagenes:

3. calendar,time month

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Tukan pasma altingi ki nsiiki.
    I am coming at the beginning of the month.(First of the month coming around.)

II. MOOD

2. period of the year
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Alka tukan malktinganaaki.
    The dry months coming around.

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    The eight traditional Rama periods of the year do not correspond to occidental months. Four neologisms were created to meet the occidental view of the year.

uula pronunciación

I. N

1. nat. mud , [ESP] lodo
Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Sii uula.
    The water is muddy.

3. animal,fish,food large freshwater catfish , [ESP] Bagre

Ejemplo de Frase-Phrase example:
  • Sabut salpka parnga haap suma. Yaap aataara. Ikaikungi uula uruk su tiisanga ki.
    The mud fish is a black fish half long. His body is small. It lays down on the dirt in the shoal.

Pictures/Imagenes:

4. animal,fish,food large sea catfish

Notas:

  • Etnográfica:
    Mud is a big problem in the rainy season for people who live in the bush. It makes obtaining clean water for drinking, cooking, bathing, and washing difficult, as well as causing "ground itch," a painful burning foot fungus from having your feet constantly wet and muddy. The amount of slippery mud makes everything more difficult and dangerous. And in the rainy season, the lagoons and rivers become muddy, which affects fishing. Serious problems with mud have been developing in several communities over the years due to the heavy deforestation. The result is drying rivers and creeks, but heavy deposits of mud at the creek/river bars after several years. As a result, in 2009, the bar at Cane Creek was nearly completely closed and virtually impassable by all but the smallest and lightest dories, obligating people to get out of the dory, and sink nearly up to their knees in gooey, sticky mud to try to haul the dory over the bar and into the creek. For the first time in memory, Wiring cay bar was 100% closed in 2009 during the dry season. There are many different names and classifications of catfish/mudfish/eels by different speakers. "Mudfish" generally refers to "sabut." Corn River said to have large freshwater catfish.
  • Léxica:
    At least for some speakers;, there may be a connection between mud and fish that are principally bottom-dwellers in the lagoon and rivers. For large sea catfish, see also walaha/wala, bagri. Bagri from Spanish bagre.

yaabra

I. N

1. geo north , [ESP] norte

2. nat.,wind north wind

3. breeze , [ESP] brisa

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    Borrowing from Miskitu.

yaabra kiingaikba

I. N

1. nat.,wind out breeze

1. wind northeast wind , [ESP] viento del noreste

Notas:

  • Gramatical:
    See also 'pulkat kiingaikba'.

yaabra taak skwa

I. N

1. nat.,wind breeze from the land